We discuss the economic effects of the 14th century Black Death and 17th century plagues with Guido Alfani. Guido Alfani is Professor of Economic History at Bocconi University where he is also a Fellow of Dondena Centre and of IGIER. He is an Affiliated Scholar at the Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality (New York) and a Research Fellow of CEPR. He serves on the editorial boards of the Journal of Economic History and of Genus. He is also the organizer of the international scientific network EI-Net (Economic Inequality Network).